A tub of pre-workout contains somewhere between fifteen and forty ingredients.
It is neon. It is named after either an explosion or a piece of military hardware. The label carries a warning about assessing your tolerance, which is marketing in a hi-vis jacket.
Most of what is in the scoop is plant extract, artificial sweetener and a proprietary blend, the industry’s way of saying it would rather not tell you how little of the good stuff made it in.
On a meat-based diet the question gets sharper, because now you have a rule to break as well as money to spend. So here is the whole cupboard, emptied onto the counter and sorted honestly. What earns its place before training. What does nothing. And what works beautifully for a style of training you are almost certainly not doing.
Creatine is the only supplement worth taking every day, and it is not a pre-workout. Caffeine works, and you already own it in the form of coffee. Everything else in the tub, electrolytes included, is either useless to you or aimed at training you are not doing.
What is actually in the tub
Strip away the flavouring and the branding and a pre-workout is five or six active ingredients, every one of them available separately for a fraction of the price. Here is the sort with nothing hidden.
| Ingredient | What it claims | Does it work? | For you? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Creatine | Strength and size | Yes, the best-evidenced supplement there is | Keep, but daily, not pre-workout |
| Caffeine | Energy and focus | Yes, reliably | Coffee does this for pennies |
| Beta-alanine | Delays the burn | Yes, for efforts of one to four minutes | Wrong training style, and it does nothing on the day |
| Citrulline | Blood flow, the pump | Modestly, for high-rep work | Wrong training style |
| Betaine | Power output | Slightly, on a good day | Not worth the money |
| BCAAs | Muscle building | Not if you eat enough protein | You already eat meat |
| Electrolyte blends | Replaces what carnivore flushes | For about three weeks, then no | Meat already carries it |
| Plant extracts and blends | Various | Rarely, and rarely at that dose | Bin |
Two of eight survive, and one of the two is coffee. That is the honest yield of a forty-pound tub.
Roy owns four of them. Roy has assessed his tolerance. Roy has also been lifting the same weights, in the same order, for longer than either of us would like to discuss.
Creatine: the one that earns its money
Creatine is the supplement everything else in the tub is impersonating. Decades of research, thousands of subjects, and it does what the label says. More work per session, more strength over time, and a growing case for benefits above the neck as well.
It is also the right tool for this particular job, because it restocks the exact system a heavy set runs on. Your set of five is powered by ATP and creatine phosphate already sitting in the muscle. Creatine puts more of it on the shelf and shortens the queue to get it back between sets. Nothing else in the tub is aimed at the fuel system you are actually using.
Meat gives you a head start. Beef carries roughly two grams per pound raw, and a fraction of that is sacrificed to the pan on the way to the plate, but you still arrive streets ahead of a vegetarian. This is why vegetarians report dramatic results from supplementing and you probably will not. They are filling an empty tank. You are topping up a mostly full one, and the last stretch is still worth having.
Eating your way to full would take three or four pounds of beef a day for the creatine alone. That is a great deal of chewing for something that costs pennies in a jar.
The protocol is boringly simple. Monohydrate, because it is the form the research used and the fancier versions are the same molecule with a markup and a story attached. Three to five grams a day gets you saturated in about a month. Twenty grams a day for a week gets you there quicker and gives some people a bloated few days for their trouble. Timing does not matter, which is the detail the tub industry would prefer you skimmed past, so take it whenever you will actually remember.
Electrolytes: the other tub
This is the one the carnivore internet agrees on, which is usually a warning sign.
Salt everything heavily. A teaspoon in your morning water. A sachet before training, at a pound and a half a serving.
It holds up for about three weeks. Cutting carbohydrate drops insulin, and insulin is one of the signals telling your kidneys to hold on to sodium. Lower the signal and sodium leaves, taking water with it. During that window the extra salt genuinely helps.
Then the kidneys recalibrate, aldosterone picks up the slack, and the leak closes. The advice carries on regardless, because a window closing is not a business model.
After that, meat carries the sodium an animal-eating animal needs. The sachets are solving a problem that solved itself.
Worse, if you are still cramping six months in while salting like a man gritting the A55, the likely culprit is the opposite of the one you were sold. Sodium and potassium are managed by the same hormonal system, and pushing sodium hard enough for long enough encourages the kidneys to dump potassium and magnesium to keep the books balanced. Season to taste, drink to thirst, and stop buying powder. The full argument is in why you do not need salt on carnivore.
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Caffeine, used properly
Caffeine works. It genuinely improves training performance, it is cheap, and it arrives in a drink you probably already enjoy. There is no reason to buy it in powdered form from a packet with a skull on it.
The catch is that it is easy to ruin, and the mechanism is the clock. Caffeine has a half-life of around five hours. The coffee you drank at four in the afternoon is still half present at nine, quietly negotiating with the sleep you were relying on to recover from the session it helped you have.
Tolerance is the other trap. It builds to the feeling faster than it builds to the effect, so people chase the buzz with bigger doses until they need three cups to arrive at ordinary. The minimal effective dose, taken early enough in the day, is the entire skill. I have written the dosing out in full in coffee on carnivore.
The ones that work, for training you are not doing
Beta-alanine and citrulline are not scams. That is what makes them interesting.
Beta-alanine buffers the acid that builds during efforts lasting roughly one to four minutes. It does this by slowly raising the carnosine content of your muscle over four to six weeks, which means the beta-alanine in a pre-workout tub does precisely nothing to the session you are about to start. The tingling across your face is not the ingredient working. It is a side effect that got promoted to a feature.
Carnosine, incidentally, is already in your dinner. Beef and lamb carry it directly. You have been loading for months without a scoop.
Citrulline helps blood flow, which matters most when you are chasing a pump through high-rep work. Real evidence, wrong application.
Both are aimed squarely at long, breathless, glycolytic training, which is precisely what heavy low-rep work is not. A set of five lasts fifteen seconds and is finished before the burn these ingredients address has properly got going. Buying them for a strength programme is buying an umbrella for a submarine.
Do you need to eat before training?
Not necessarily, and this is one of the quiet advantages of eating this way. Once you are fat-adapted you are not carrying an hour of fuel around with you. You are carrying weeks of it. Training fasted stops being an act of willpower and becomes simply an option.
Some people lift better with a steak a few hours behind them. Some prefer to train empty and eat afterwards. Both work. What does not work is turning up underfed across the whole day, because the training is only ever as good as the food and the sleep holding it up.
The carnivore pre-workout that actually works
It costs almost nothing and it fits in a sentence. Creatine every day. Coffee if you like it, early enough not to cost you sleep. Enough food across the day to be worth training. Nothing else.
Then put the money you saved into the only thing that has ever reliably outperformed every supplement ever sold, which is turning up four times a week and adding weight to the bar. The sessions are laid out in the carnivore workout plan, the case against needing carbohydrate to run them is in can you build muscle without carbs, and the feeding strategy for a gaining phase is in the muscle-building cheat sheet.
If you would rather not assemble it yourself, Apex is sixteen weeks of it organised properly. No tub required.
Follow on Twitter (@SamaHoole) or Instagram (@samalifts).
Keep reading
- Can You Build Muscle Without Carbs? (Yes, Here Is Why)
- The Carnivore Workout Plan (4 Days a Week, Built for Strength)
- The Deadlift Won’t Put You In A Home. Weakness Will.
Map your next 16 weeks of lifting with the free rep ladder planner.
Put it into practice: the 16-Week Apex Programme, sessions built and ladder loaded.